New research suggests that patients undergoing cardiac surgery may benefit from the postoperative use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Researchers in Germany compared outcomes in 232 cardiac surgery patients who received standard postoperative treatment, including 10 minutes of CPAP every 4 hours, and 236 cardiac surgery patients who received prophylactic CPAP for at least 6 hours after surgery. Results showed that prophylactic CPAP significantly improved arterial oxygenation without altering heart rate or mean arterial blood pressure.