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Inflammation and Treatment in Asthma and COPD

By James F. Donohue, MD, FCCP; and Jill A. Ohar, MD, FCCP

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References

  1. National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert panel report 2: guidelines for the diagnosis and management of asthma. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health, July 1997; Publication No. 97-4051
  2. Busse WW, Lemanske RF Jr. Asthma. N Engl J Med 2001; 344:350–362
  3. Self-reported asthma prevalence among adults: United States, 2000. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2001; 50(32):682–686
  4. Pauwels RA, Buist AS, Calverley PMA, et al. Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: NHLBI/WHO Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) Workshop summary. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 163:1256–1276
  5. Brightling CE, Bradding P, Symon FA, et al. Mast-cell infiltration of airway smooth muscle in asthma. N Engl J Med 2002; 346:1699–1705
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  8. Holt S, Suder A, Weatherall M, et al. Dose-response relation of inhaled fluticasone propionate in adolescents and adults with asthma: meta-analysis. BMJ 2001; 323:253–256
  9. Szefler SJ, Martin RJ, King TS, et al. Significant variability in response to inhaled corticosteroids for persistent asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2002; 109:410–418
  10. Anthonisen NR, Connet JE, Kiley JP, et al. Effects of smoking intervention and the use of an inhaled anticholinergic bronchodilator on the rate of decline of FEV1. JAMA 1994; 272:1497–1505
  11. Barnes PJ. Medical progress: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. N Engl J Med; 2000; 343:269–280
  12. Saetta M, Turato G, Maestrelli P, et al. Cellular and structural bases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 163:1304–1309
  13. Barnes PJ. Potential novel therapies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In: MacNee W, ed. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-pathogenesis to treatment. Novartis Foundation Symposium No. 234. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass, 2001; 255–267
  14. Barnes PJ. Novel approaches and targets for treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 160:572–579
  15. Donohue JF, van Noord JA, Bateman ED. A 6-month, placebo-controlled study comparing lung function and health status changes in COPD patients treated with tiotropium or salmeterol. Chest 2002; 122:47–55
  16. Casaburi R, Mahler DA, Jones PW, et al. A Long-term evaluation of once-daily inhaled tiotropium in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Eur Respir J 2002;19:217–224
  17. Barnette MS. Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors in asthma: Prog Drug Res 1999; 53:193–229
  18. Ramsdell J, Strek M, Schachter N, et al. Effects of FEV1, exacerbation and dyspnea on health status as measured by the St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire [abstract]. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002; 165:A227
  19. Gamble E, Pavord ID, Vignola AM, et al. Cilomilast (Ariflo), a novel treatment for COPD, reduces the key inflammatory cells in bronchial biopsies [abstract]. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002; 165:A227
  20. Postma DS, Kerstjens HA. Are inhaled glucocorticosteroids effective in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 160(5pt2):S66–S71
  21. Sin DD, Tu JV. Inhaled corticosteroids and the risk of mortality and readmission in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 164:580–584
  22. Robertson CF, Rubinfield AR, Bowes G. Pediatric asthma deaths in Victoria: the mild are at risk. Pediatr Pulmonol 1992;13:95–100.
  23. Kim KT, Ginchansky EJ, Friedman BF, et al. Fluticasone propionate versus zafirlukast: effect in patients previously receiving inhaled corticosteroid therapy. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2000;85:398–406.
  24. Shrewsbury S, Pike S, Britton M. Meta-analysis of increased dose of inhaled steroid or addition of salmeterol in symptomatic asthma (MIASMA). BMJ 2000;320:1368–1373.
  25. Lazarus SC, Bouchey HA, Fahy JV, et at. Long-acting b2-agonist monotherapy vs. continued therapy with inhaled corticosteroids in patients with persistent asthma: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2001;285:2583–2593.
  26. Lemanske RF Jr, Sorkness CA, Mauger EA, et al. Inhaled corticosteroid reduction and elimination in patients with persistent asthma receiving salmeterol: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2001;285:2594–2603.
  27. Lofdahl CG, Reiss TF, Leff JA, et al. Randomized, placebo controlled trial of effect of a leukotriene receptor antagonist, montelukast, on tapering inhaled corticosteroids in asthmatic patients. BMJ. 1999; 319:87–90.
  28. Malmstrom K, Rodriguez-Gomez G, Guerra J, et al. Oral montelukast, inhaled beclomethasone, and placebo for chronic asthma: a randomized, controlled trial. Montelukast/Beclomethasone Study Group. Ann Intern Med. 1999;130:487–495.
  29. Nelson HS, Busse WW, Kerwin E, et al. Fluticasone propionate/salmeterol combination provides more effective asthma control than low-dose inhaled corticosteroid plus montelukast. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2000;106:1088–1095.
  30. Casaburi R, Mahler DA, Jones PW, et al. A Long-term evaluation of once-daily inhaled tiotropium in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Eur Respir J 2002;19:217–224.
  31. Laviolette M, Malmstrom K, Lu S, et al. Montelukast added to inhaled beclomethasone in treatment of asthma. Montelukast/Beclomethasone Additivity Group. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999 Dec;160(6):1862-1868

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