Logout
 CME Information
 Editorial Board
 Lessons by Volume
   Volume 22
   Volume 21
   Volume 20
   Volume 19
   Volume 18
   Volume 17
   Volume 16
   Volume 15
 
 

Single vs Multiple Antibiotics in Community-Acquired Pneumonia

By Richard G. Wunderink, MD, FCCP; and Grant W. Waterer, MBBS, FCCP

Print This | TOC | Previous | Next

References

  1. Niederman MS, Mandell LA, Anzueto A, et al. Guidelines for the management of adults with community-acquired pneumonia: diagnosis, assessment of severity, antimicrobial therapy, and prevention. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2001; 163:1730–1754
  2. Bartlett JG, Breiman RF, Mandell LA, et al. Community-acquired pneumonia in adults: guidelines for management; the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis 1998; 26:811–838
  3. Heffelfinger JD, Dowell SF, Jorgensen JH, et al. Management of community-acquired pneumonia in the era of pneumococcal resistance: a report from the Drug-Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Therapeutic Working Group. Arch Intern Med 2000; 160:1399–1408
  4. BTS Guidelines for the Management of Community Acquired Pneumonia in Adults. Thorax 2001; 56(suppl 4):iv1–iv64
  5. Fine MJ, Auble TE, Yealy DM, et al. A prediction rule to identify low-risk patients with community-acquired pneumonia. N Engl J Med 1997; 336:243–250
  6. Lieberman D, Schlaeffer F, Boldur I, et al. Multiple pathogens in adult patients admitted with community-acquired pneumonia: a one-year prospective study of 346 consecutive patients. Thorax 1996; 51:179–184
  7. File TM Jr, Segreti J, Dunbar L, et al. A multicenter, randomized study comparing the efficacy and safety of intravenous and/or oral levofloxacin versus ceftriaxone and/or cefuroxime axetil in treatment of adults with community-acquired pneumonia. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1997; 41:1965–1972
  8. Dresser LD, Niederman MS, Paladino JA. Cost-effectiveness of gatifloxacin vs ceftriaxone with a macrolide for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia. Chest 2001; 119:1439–1448
  9. Vergis EN, Indorf A, File TM Jr, et al. Azithromycin vs cefuroxime plus erythromycin for empirical treatment of community-acquired pneumonia in hospitalized patients: a prospective, randomized, multicenter trial. Arch Intern Med 2000; 160:1294–1300
  10. Finch R, Schurmann D, Collins O, et al. Randomized controlled trial of sequential intravenous (i.v.) and oral moxifloxacin compared with sequential i.v. and oral co-amoxiclav with or without clarithromycin in patients with community-acquired pneumonia requiring initial parenteral treatment. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2002; 46:1746–1754
  11. Arancibia F, Ewig S, Martinez JA, et al. Antimicrobial treatment failures in patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2000; 162:154–160
  12. Meehan TP, Fine MJ, Krumholz HM, et al. Quality of care, process, and outcomes in elderly patients with pneumonia. JAMA 1997; 278:2080–2084
  13. Kollef MH, Sherman G, Ward S, et al. Inadequate antimicrobial treatment of infections: a risk factor for hospital mortality among critically ill patients. Chest 1999; 115:462–474
  14. Ruiz M, Ewig S, Torres A, et al. Severe community-acquired pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1999; 160:923–929
  15. Gleason PP, Meehan TP, Fine JM, et al. Associations between initial antimicrobial therapy and medical outcomes for hospitalized elderly patients with pneumonia. Arch Intern Med 1999; 159:2562–2572
  16. Houck PM, MacLehose RF, Niederman MS, et al. Empiric antibiotic therapy and mortality among Medicare pneumonia inpatients in 10 western states: 1993, 1995, and 1997. Chest 2001; 119:1420–1426
  17. Leroy O, Santre C, Beuscart C, et al. A five-year study of severe community-acquired pneumonia with emphasis on prognosis in patients admitted to an intensive care unit. Intensive Care Med 1995; 21:24–31
  18. Chen DK, McGeer A, de Azavedo JC, et al. Decreased susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae to fluoroquinolones in Canada: Canadian Bacterial Surveillance Network. N Engl J Med 1999; 341:233–239
  19. Waterer GW, Somes GW, Wunderink RG. Monotherapy may be suboptimal for severe bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia. Arch Intern Med 2001; 161:1837–1842
  20. Mufson MA, Stanek RJ. Bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia in one American city: a 20-year longitudinal study, 1978-1997. Am J Med 1999; 107:34S–43S
  21. Ianoro A, Ialenti A, Maffia P, et al. Anti-inflammatory activity of macrolide antibiotics. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2000; 292:156–163
  22. Tuomanen E, Pollack H, Parkinson A, et al. Microbiological and clinical significance of a new property of defective lysis in clinical strains of pneumococci. J Infect Dis 1988; 158:36–43
  23. Feldman C, Smith C, Levy H, et al. Klebsiella pneumoniae bacteremia at an urban general hospital. J Infect 1990; 20:21–31
  24. Chen MZ, Hsueh PR, Lee LN, et al. Severe community-acquired pneumonia due to Acinetobacter baumannii. Chest 2001; 120:1072–1077
Copyright ©2003 American College of Chest Physicians

Print This | TOC | Previous | Next

 
 

3300 Dundee Road • Northbrook, Illinois 60062-2348 • (847) 498-1400 • (800) 343-2227
Copyright ©1999-2008 American College of Chest Physicians. All Rights Reserved.
ACCP Privacy Policy | ACCP Web Site Terms of Use