A Guide to Lung Transplantation

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Diseases and Conditions That Affect the Lungs

A number of diseases and conditions can cause the lungs to become so unhealthy that one or both lungs need to be replaced with a transplant. These diseases and conditions include:

• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and/or emphysema
  • due to long-time tobacco smoking
  • due to a₁-antitrypsin deficiency, an inherited condition
• pulmonary fibrosis (scarring of the lung)
• sarcoidosis
• cystic fibrosis
• bronchiectasis
• primary pulmonary hypertension
• lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM)
• eosinophilic granuloma of the lung, or histiocytosis X
• Eisenmenger syndrome or congenital heart disease with Eisenmenger syndrome
• inhalation/burn trauma

Lung transplantation is NOT recommended as a treatment for lung cancer.

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